A field experiment was conducted during Kharif-Summer season of 2016-17 at research farm of AICRP-Weed Management, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat to study the effect of different tillage and weed management options on physico-chemical and biological properties of soil under cotton-green gram cropping system. The tillage and weed management treatments did not show any significant effect on various physico-chemical properties of soil after harvest of cotton and greengram except on organic carbon content and available phosphorus. The tillage did not influence the microbial population in cotton but weed management options, IC + HW at 15, 30 and 45 DAS showed significant impact on total bacterial count and dehydrogenase activity in soil. The tillage had significant effect on actinobacteria count and dehydrogenase activity in greengram while weed management options exhibited significant effect on all the microbial observations except on total PSM count. It is inferred that combination of zero tillage + residue incorporation along with IC + HW at 15, 30 and 45 DAS in cotton and zero tillage + residue incorporation along with IC + HW at 20 and 40 DAS in green gram were most suitable option for cotton-greengram cropping system in Middle Gujarat condition.