This article Citation:

Pijush Kanti Mukherjee*, Putan Singh, Shobha Sondhia1 and R.L. Sagar. 2019. Biology of weed flora, weed dynamics and weed management in different fodder crops . Indian Journal of Weed Science : 51( 1) 54- 61.







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Volume Issue Publication year Page No Type of article
51 1 2019 54-61 Research article
Biology of weed flora, weed dynamics and weed management in different fodder crops

Pijush Kanti Mukherjee*, Putan Singh, Shobha Sondhia1 and R.L. Sagar

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2019.00012.1

Email: pkm_agronomy@yahoo.co.in
Address: ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI),Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243 122, India

Keywords:

Fodder crops 

Weed dynamics

Weed flora

Weed management



Abstract:

Appraisal has been made at the fodder farm of ICAR-IVRI, Izatnagar campus by following standard procedure adopted by AICRP on Weed Management (ICAR) during 2015 and 2016. Results revealed that Trianthema portulacastrum and Trianthema monogyna were widely distributed in the fodder farm during summer and rainy seasons. It produced flower continuously up to second fortnight of November with 224 to 504 seeds/plant and multiplied both by seeds (More than 80% germination of current seeds) and fragmented plant parts. Another broad-leaved weed Celosia argentea preferred the growing condition of fodder sorghum and it produced 1,716 to 3,496 seeds/plant. The broadleaved weed Coccinia grandis was associated with fodder maize and sorghum, and produced 2,934 to 4,428 seeds/plant. Numerous seed production capacity of these weeds supported its high profile emergence. Among the other weeds the grasses were widely distributed, whereas the sedges were appeared in patches. Three major broad-leaved weeds Coronopus didymus, Rumex dentatus and Cichorium intybus appeared during 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th cutting of berseem during winter season, respectively. The weeds Trianthema portulacastrum, Trianthema monogyna, Coccina grandis, Rumex dentatus and Cleome viscosa had shown the character of endozoochory dissemination. Uniform distribution of rainfall during 2015 caused rapid infestation of broad-leaved weeds (Trianthema sp., Coccinia grandis, Celosia argentea) whereas huge down pour within short period during monsoon season of 2016 caused submergence which, in turn, reduced infestation of broad-leaved weeds and side by side increased invasion of grasses. Mixed cropping of fodder maize (Variety ‘African Tall’) and fodder cowpea (Variety ‘Bundel Lobia 2’) controlled Trianthema sp. and maximum green fodder yield was obtained at 55 days after sowing beyond that cowpea showed competitive effect on maize. Turning the land from fodder sorghum to cowpea minimised distribution and seed production capacity of Celosia argentea. Mixed cropping of berseem (Variety ‘Wardan’) + gobhi sarson (Brassica napus var. napus) and berseem (Variety ‘Wardan’) + rye grass (Variety ‘Makkhan Grass’) reduced infestation of Coronopus didymus. Growing of dual purpose (grain-cum-green fodder) wheat variety ‘VL Gehun 829’ reduced infestation of resistant biotype of Phalaris minor.





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