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Indian Journal of Weed Science


Print ISSN: 0253-8050
Online ISSN: 0974-8164

NAAS rating: 5.17

Chief Editor

J.S. Mishra
Dr. J.S. Mishra
Principal Scientist, Division of Crop Research,
ICAR Research Complex for Eastern Region,
Bihar Veterinary College, Patna - 800014 (Bihar)
Mobile - +91 9494240904
Email- editorisws@gmail, jsmishra31@gmail.com

Associate editors

Bhagirath S. Chauhan

Dr. Bhagirath Singh Chauhan
Queensland Alliance for Agricultureand Food Innovation
Level 2, Queensland Bioscience Precinct
The University of Queensland
St Lucia QLD 4069, Australia
Email: b.chauhan@uq.edu.au
A.N. Rao
Dr. A.N. Rao
Hydarabad, INDIA
Mobile Number: +91 9440372165
Email: adusumilli.narayanarao@gmail.com

CALL FOR RESEARCH PAPER

Indian Journal of Weed Science is inviting your articles, review article, Research article and Research note on all topics of weed science. IJWS welcomes quality work that focuses on research, development and review. We are looking forward for strict compliance to the modern age standards in all these fields. Authors across the globe are welcome to submit their research papers in the prestigious journal fulfilling the requisite criterion.

Indian Journal of Weed Science (IJWS) is inviting papers for the VOL-53, ISSUE-1 March-(2021)


Article submission guideline

Enter your login details for IJWS below. If you do not already have an account you will need to.. Register here
Author login
  • Author Instruction
  • Style of Invited paper
  • Style of Research Article
  • Style of Research note

Paper Publication Process –

  • Manuscripts are received online in the editorial office with the certificate that MS has not been sent for consideration in any other journals for consideration.
  • Manuscripts are checked by office for its style and pattern and for plagiarism. If plagiarism is more than 20%, it is not considered and sent back to author for revision and re-submission.
  • If MS is found fit at Editorial office in context to plagiarism and style and pattern, it is sent to Chief Editor for further processing.
  • If chief Editor find the MS suitable for consideration, he shall suggest two name of referees as reviewers either from editorial board or from other institutions of concern discipline for reviewing the MS.
  • Editorial Office shall send the MS for double blind review to the reviewers suggested by Chief Editor.
  • Comments of double -blind reviewers will be sent to corresponding author without disclosing the identity of the reviewers to address the comments and re-submission of MS.
  • In case, one reviewer rejects while other accept the MS, it is sent to third reviewer suggested by Chief Editor.
  • Revised MS is again sent to reviewers to see whether their comments are addressed suitably.
  • On agreeing by the reviewers, the MS is again sent to Chief Editors with comments of reviewers and reply of author to take the final decision.
  • The final decision of Chief Editor is communicated to authors.

CALL FOR RESEARCH PAPER

Indian Journal of Weed Science is inviting your articles, review article, Research article and Research note on all topics of weed science. IJWS welcomes quality work that focuses on research, development and review. We are looking forward for strict compliance to the modern age standards in all these fields. Authors across the globe are welcome to submit their research papers in the prestigious journal fulfilling the requisite criterion.

Indian Journal of Weed Science (IJWS) is inviting papers for the VOL-51, ISSUE-4 December-(2019)


Article submission guideline

Enter your login details for IJWS below. If you do not already have an account you will need to.. Register here
Author login
  • Author Instruction
  • Style of Invited paper
  • Style of Research Article
  • Style of Research note

Paper Publication Process –

  • Manuscripts are received online in the editorial office with the certificate that MS has not been sent for consideration in any other journals for consideration.
  • Manuscripts are checked by office for its style and pattern and for plagiarism. If plagiarism is more than 20%, it is not considered and sent back to author for revision and re-submission.
  • If MS is found fit at Editorial office in context to plagiarism and style and pattern, it is sent to Chief Editor for further processing.
  • If chief Editor find the MS suitable for consideration, he shall suggest two name of referees as reviewers either from editorial board or from other institutions of concern discipline for reviewing the MS.
  • Editorial Office shall send the MS for double blind review to the reviewers suggested by Chief Editor.
  • Comments of double -blind reviewers will be sent to corresponding author without disclosing the identity of the reviewers to address the comments and re-submission of MS.
  • In case, one reviewer rejects while other accept the MS, it is sent to third reviewer suggested by Chief Editor.
  • Revised MS is again sent to reviewers to see whether their comments are addressed suitably.
  • On agreeing by the reviewers, the MS is again sent to Chief Editors with comments of reviewers and reply of author to take the final decision.
  • The final decision of Chief Editor is communicated to authors.
Read More

Guidelines for Authors

Indian Journal of Weed Science is a quarterly journal publishing original research article, research notes, opinion articles and review articles (invited or with prior approval of the title reflecting substantial contributions of the author) covering all areas of weed science research. All contributions must be of a sufficient quality to extend our knowledge in weed science.

The papers submitted should not have been published or communicated elsewhere. Authors will be solely responsible for the factual accuracy of their contribution. Manuscript should not carry any material already published in the same or different forms.

  • Style of Invited paper
  • Style of Research Article
  • Style of Research note

Format

Full length article should be suitably divided into the following sub-sections; ABSTRACT, Key words, INTRODUCTION, MATERIALS AND METHODS, RESULTS AND DISCUSSION and REFERENCES. The heading, introduction need not be mentioned in the text.

Title

The title of article should be informative but concise and should not contain abbreviations. It should indicate the content of the article essential for key word indexing and information retrieval. It should be set in small and bold letters. A good title briefly identifies the subject, indicates the purpose of study and introduces key terms and concepts. Title should not be started with the waste words like 'a study of', 'effect of', 'influence of' , 'some observations on', 'a note of' etc. The title should indicate preferably English name or most popular common name of the crops or organisms studied, wherever relevant. Scientific name can be given in abstract and introduction. Authority for such a name should be given at first mention in the text. A short title should be given for running headlines and should cover the main theme of the article.

Author(s) name(s) and affiliations

The name(s) of the author(s) should be given in small letters with sentence case separated by 'comma' or by 'and'. Institute name where the research was carried out should be given in italics. If authors are of different institutes, these can be mentioned by allotting number like 1, 2 or 3 as superscript over the name of author. The affiliation of such author may be given below of the corresponding author email address. Sometimes authors retire and change frequently and wish to give their current address, this should be given as foot note. Email address of main author or corresponding author should be given at the bottom.

Abstract

The abstract should contain at least one sentence on each of the following: objective of investigation (hypothesis, purpose, collection, result and conclusions). Give complete scientific name for plants or other organisms and full name of any symbol or abbreviations used. There is a need to mention place, name and priod of study in abstract. Emphasis should be given to highlight the results and the conclusion of the study. It should not exceed a total length of 200-250 words. Abstract should not have the words like 'will be explained or will be discussed'.

Key words

(5 6) should be given at the end of the abstract and should be arranged alphabetically. Each key word should be started with capital letter and separated by comma ( , ) from other words.

Introduction

Introduction should be brief and to the point, cover the problem and should justify the work or the hypothesis on which it is based. In introduction, a detail review is not necessary. However, to orient readers, important references about previous concepts and research should be given. It should briefly state the currently available information and should identify the research gap that is expected to be abridged through this investigation. Give preference to recent references from standard research publication unless it is of historical importance or a landmark in that field.

Materials and Methods

This part should begin with information relating to period/season/year and place of study, climate or weather conditions, soil type etc. Treatment details along with techniques and experimental design, replications, plot size etc. should be clearly indicated. Use of symbols for treatments may be avoided and an abbreviation should be fully explained at its first mention. Crop variety, methodology for application and common cultivation practices should be mentioned. Known methods may be just indicated giving reference but new techniques developed and followed should be described in detail. Methods can be divided into suitable sub-headings, typed in bold at first level and in italics at second level, if necessary.

Results and Discussion

Results may be reported and discussed together to avoid duplication. Do not mention and recite the data in the text as such given in the table. Instead interpret it suitably by indicating in terms of per cent, absolute change or any other derivations. Relate results to the objectives with suitable interpretation of the references given in the introduction. If results differ from the previous study, suitable interpretation and justification should be given. Repeated use of statements like 'our results are in agreement’ or ‘similar results were reported’ 'should be avoided. At the end of results and discussion, conclusion of the study should be given in 2-3 sentences along with suggestion for further study, if any. All statistical comparisons among treatments may be made at P=0.05 level of probability.

Acknowledgement

The authors may place on record the help and cooperation or any financial help received from any source, person or organization for this study. This should be very brief.

References

Only relevant and recent references of standard work should be quoted. Preference should be given to quote references of journals over proceedings or reports. In general, not more than 15 references should be quoted in full paper and 5 in short communication. However, in review article, emphasis should be given to quote more references with each valid statement/findings in the text. There is no need to give references for standard procedures of soil and plant analysis, and for routine statistical analysis in practice, only the methodology may be indicated. As a thumb rule, all the references quoted in the text must appear at the end of the article and vice-verse. It has been decided to use full name of the journal after the year 2011 onwards. Therefore, references should include names of all authors, year, full title of the article quoted, full name of the journal in italics (no abbreviations), volume number (in Bold), issue number (in brackets) and pages. For books, monographs, theses etc. full title in italics, publisher or university name, volume no., if any, and relevant page range or total no. of pages should be given. The list of references should be arranged alphabetically on author's names and chronologically per author. Author name should be started with surname and initial letter with capital letter. There is no need to separate author's initials by full stop but it should be given in capital letters without gap. Each author name should be separated by comma (,) and last author name by ‘and’. A few examples of correct citation of references for Indian Journal of Weed Science are given below:

Singh Samunder, Punia SS, Yadav A and Hooda VS. 2011. Evaluation of carfentrazone-ethyl + metsulfuron-methyl against broadleaf weeds of wheat. Indian Journal of Weed Science 43(1&2): 12-22.

Neeser C and Varshney Jay G. 2001. Purple nutsedge; biology and principles for management without herbicides, Indian Journal of Pulses Research 14(1): 10-19.

Naseema A, Praveena R and Salim AM. 2004. Ecofriendly management of water hyacinth with a mycoherbicide and cashew nut shell liquid. Pakistan Journal of Weed Science Research 10(1&2): 93-100.

Arya DR, Kapoor RD and Dhirajpant. 2008. Herbicide tolerant crops: a boon to Indian agriculture, pp 23-31. In: Biennial Conference on Weed Management in Modern Agriculture: Emerging Challenges and Opportunities. (Eds. Sharma RS, Sushilkumar, Mishra JS, Barman KK and Sondhia Shobha), 27-28 February 2008, Patna. Indian Society of Weed Science, Jabalpur.

Anonymous. 2006. Long-term herbicide trial in transplanted lowland rice-rice cropping system, pp 62-68. In: Annual Progress Report, AICRP on Weed Control, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore.

DWSR. 2010. Annual Report, 2010-11, pp 35-37. Directorate of Weed Science Research, Jabalpur.

Gopal B and Sharma KP. 1981. Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) the most troublesome weeds of the world. Hindasia Publisher, New Delhi, 129 p.

Sushilkumar, Sondhia S and Vishwakarma K. 2003. Role of insects in suppression of problematic alligator weed (Altemanthera philoxeroides) and testing of herbicides for its integrated management. Final Report of ICAR Adhoc Project, 39 p.

For Web references: the full URL should be given and the date when the reference was last accessed. e.g. http://www.faostat.fao.org (accessed 21 May 2019)

Length

Full length manuscript should not exceed 4500 words including space required for figures, tables and list of references. Research note can be up to 2500 words, with not more than 2 figures or tables. One season/year data should invariably be presented as research notes only.

Units, abbreviations and nomenclature

For physical units, unit names and symbols, the SI system should be employed. Biological names should be given according to the latest international nomenclature. Upon its first use in the title, abstract and text, the common name of a weed should be followed by the scientific name (genus, species and authority) in parentheses. If no common name exists in English, the scientific name should be used only. At the first mention of an herbicide or other chemical substance, give its generic name only. Trade names should not be used. Biological and zoological names, gene designations and gene symbols should be italicized. Yield data should be reported in kg/ha or t/ha. All such letters such as viz., et al., in situ, ex situ, Rabi, Kharif, i.e., etc. should be italicized.

Tables and figures

Tables and figures should be concise and limited to the necessary minimum. We encourage the authors to set tables and figures at the appropriate places in the article but if it is not possible, the same may be given separately. The title should fully describe the contents of the table and explain any symbol or abbreviations used in it. The standard abbreviations of the units of different parameters should be indicated in parentheses. Vertical lines should not be given in the tables and horizontal lines should be used to separate parameters and end of the table.

Figures may be preferred in place of table. In no case the same data should be presented by both tables and figures. While presenting data through line graphs, vertical bars, cylinders, pie charts etc, the same should be preferred with black lines or bars having different clear symbols and shades. The graphs chosen with colours reproduce poorly and should not be given unless it became necessary.

Some useful tips

Avoid numerals and abbreviations at the beginning of a sentence. Don't use superscript for per hectare, ton or meter (kg ha-1 or t ha-1) instead use kg/ha or g/m2, t/ha, mg/g, ml/l etc. Prefer to mention yield data in t/ha only. If it becomes necessary, give yield in kg/ha but not in quintal. Don't use lakh, crores or arabs in text, instead give such figures in million. Only standard abbreviations should be used and invariably be explained at first mention. Avoid use of self-made abbreviations like iso., buta., rizo., etc. Don't use first letter capital for names of plant protection chemicals but it should be used for trade names. Use of treatment symbols like T1 T2 T3 etc. should be avoided. All weights and measurements must be in SI or metric units. Use % after double digit figures, not per cent, for example 10% not 10 per cent. In a series of range of measurement, mention the units only at the end, e.g. 3,4,5 kg/ha instead of 3 kg/ha, 4 kg/ha and 5 kg/ha. Nutrient doses as well as concentration in soil and plant should be given in elemental form only, i.e. P and K should not be given as P2O5 K2O. A variety may be mentioned within single quotes in italic such as 'Pusa Basmai', 'Kufri Sinduri' etc. Statistical data should be given in LSD (P=0.05) instead CD (P=0.05).

Authors are requested to see the recent issue of the journal to prepare the manuscript as per the journal's format.

Manuscript submission

Manuscripts must conform to the journal style (see the latest issue). Correct language is the responsibility of the author. After having received a contribution, there will be a review process, before the Chief Editor makes the definitive decision upon the acceptance for publication. Referee's comments along with editors comments will be communicated to authors as scanned copy/soft copy through email. After revision, author should send back the copy of revised manuscripts to the Chief Editor, ISWS by e-mail only.

Editorial Board reserves the right to suitably modify, accept or reject the MS in view on the reviewer's advice.

We encourage submission of paper only by electronically via E-mail as one complete word document file. When preparing your file, please use only Times New Roman font for text (title 16, all heads 14 and text of 12 point, double spacing with 1.5" margin all the sides) and Symbol font for Greek letters to avoid inadvertent character substitutions.

All manuscripts should be submitted Online (http://www.isws.org.in/login_IJWS.aspx). For authors unable to submit their manuscript online

To see sample copy to prepare the manuscript, please Log on: http://www.isws.org.in/IJWSn/Journal.aspx

Peer Review Policy

All published articles in Indian Journal of Weed Science (IJWS) are subjected to rigorous peer review processes based on initial editor screening and anonymized refereeing by two referees. The ultimate purpose of peer review is to sustain the originality and quality of research work and filtration of poor quality and plagiarized articles. Peer review assures research quality.

Paper Publication Process –

  • Manuscripts are received online in the editorial office with the certificate that MS has not been sent for consideration in any other journals for consideration.
  • Manuscripts are checked by office for its style and pattern and for plagiarism. If plagiarism is more than 20%, it is not considered and sent back to author for revision and re-submission.
  • If MS is found fit at Editorial office in context to plagiarism and style and pattern, it is sent to Chief Editor for further processing.
  • If chief Editor find the MS suitable for consideration, he shall suggest two name of referees as reviewers either from editorial board or from other institutions of concern discipline for reviewing the MS.
  • Editorial Office shall send the MS for double blind review to the reviewers suggested by Chief Editor.
  • Comments of double -blind reviewers will be sent to corresponding author without disclosing the identity of the reviewers to address the comments and re-submission of MS.
  • In case, one reviewer rejects while other accept the MS, it is sent to third reviewer suggested by Chief Editor.
  • Revised MS is again sent to reviewers to see whether their comments are addressed suitably.
  • On agreeing by the reviewers, the MS is again sent to Chief Editors with comments of reviewers and reply of author to take the final decision.
  • The final decision of Chief Editor is communicated to authors.

Peer Review Policy

The practice of peer review is to ensure that only good science is published. It is an objective process at the heart of good scholarly publishing and is carried out by all reputable scientific journals. Our reviewers therefore play a vital role in maintaining the high standards of the (Indian Journal of Weed Science) Journal of Management and Research and all manuscripts are peer reviewed following the procedure outlined below.

Initial manuscript evaluation

The Editors first evaluate all manuscripts. In some circumstances it is entirely feasible for an exceptional manuscript to be accepted at this stage. Those rejected at this stage are insufficiently original, have serious scientific flaws, have poor grammar or English language, or are outside the aims and scope of the journal. Those that meet the minimum criteria are passed on to experts for review.

Authors of manuscripts rejected at this stage will be informed within 2 weeks of receipt.

Type of Peer Review

The (Indian Journal of Weed Science) employs double blind review, where the reviewer remains anonymous to the authors throughout the process.

How the reviewer is selected

Reviewers are matched to the paper according to their expertise. Our reviewer database contains reviewer contact details together with their subject areas of interest, and this is constantly being updated.

Reviewer reports

Reviewers are asked to evaluate whether the manuscript:

  • Is original
  • Is methodologically sound
  • Follows appropriate ethical guidelines
  • Has results which are clearly presented and support the conclusions
  • Correctly references previous relevant work

Reviewers are not expected to correct or copyedit manuscripts. Language correction is not part of the peer review process. Reviewers are requested to refrain from giving their personal opinion in the "Reviewer blind comments to Author" section of their review on whether or not the paper should be published. Personal opinions can be expressed in the "Reviewer confidential comments to Editor" section.

How long does the peer review process take?

Typically the manuscript will be reviewed within 2-8 weeks. Should the reviewers' reports contradict one another or a report is unnecessarily delayed a further expert opinion will be sought. Revised manuscripts are usually returned to the Editors within 3 weeks and the Editors may request further advice from the reviewers at this time. The Editors may request more than one revision of a manuscript.

Final report

A final decision to accept or reject the manuscript will be sent to the author along with any recommendations made by the reviewers, and may include verbatim comments by the reviewers.
Chief Editor's Decision is final
Reviewers advise the Editors, who are responsible for the final decision to accept or reject the article.

Special Issues / Conference Proceedings

Special issues and/or conference proceedings may have different peer review procedures involving, for example, Guest Editors, conference organizers or scientific committees. Authors contributing to these projects may receive full details of the peer review process on request from the editorial office.

Becoming a Reviewer for the (Indian Journal of Weed Science)

If you are not currently a reviewer for the (Indian Journal of Weed Science) but would like to be considered as a reviewer for this Journal, please contact the editorial office by e-mail at (editorisws@gmail.com), and provide your contact details. If your request is approved and you are added to the online reviewer database you will receive a confirmatory email, asking you to add details on your field of expertise, in the format of subject classifications.

Editorial Board

Editorial office:

Office Manager, Indian Society of Weed Science, ICAR-Directorate of Weed Research, Maharajpur, Jabalpur, India 482 004

Publisher Address:

Secretary, Indian Society of Weed Science, ICAR-Directorate of Weed Research, Maharajpur, Jabalpur, India 482 004

Principal Scientist
Division of Crop Research
ICAR Research Complex for Eastern Region
Bihar Veterinary College, Patna - 800014 (Bihar)

Chief Editor J.S. Mishra 9494240904 jsmishra31@gmail.com

The University of Queensland
St Lucia QLD 4069, Australia

Associate Editor Bhagirath Singh Chauhan b.chauhan@uq.edu.au

Consultant,
ICRISAT,
International Crops Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics
Patancheru, Hyderabad

Associate Editor A.N. Rao 9440372165 adusumilli.narayanarao@gmail.com

Editors

Professor,
Department of Agronomy, CCSHAU,
Hisar-125 004 (Haryana)

Ashok Kumar Yadav 9416995523 aky444@gmail.com

Professor & Head,
Division of Agronomy
FoA, Main Campus,
Chatha, SKUAST-Jammu (J&K)

B.C. Sharma 9419152428 drbhagwati@gmail.com

Principal
Vanavarayar Institute of Agriculture
Affiliated to TNAU)
Manakkadavu, Pollachi-642103 (Tamil Nadu)

C. Chinnusamy 9443721575 chinnusamyc@gmail.com

Scientist,
ICAR - Directorate of Weed Research,
Jabalpur (Madhya Padesh)

Dibakar Ghosh 8989190213 dghoshagro@gmail.com

Principal Scientist
Department of Agronomy,
Assam Agricultural University
Jorhat - 785013 (Assam)

I.C. Barua 9435094326 iswar_barua@yahoo.co.in

Principal Scientist
PJTSAU, Hyderabad-30 (Telangana)

M. Madhavi 9491021999 molluru_m@yahoo.com

Assistant Agronomist
Directorate of Agriculture (Govt. of WB)
Kolkata 700001, West Bengal

Malay Kumar Bhowmick 9434239688 bhowmick_malay@rediffmail.com

Associate Professor
(Soil Science & Agrl. Chemistry)
Anbil Dharmalingam Agricultural College & Research Institute (TNAU),
Trichy (Tamil Nadu)

P. Janaki 9443936160 janakibalamurugan@rediffmail.com

Assistant Chemist (Residue),
Department of Agronomy,
Punjab Agricultural University
Ludhina-141 004 (Punjab)

Pervinder Kaur 9646105418 pervi_7@yahoo.co.in

Sr. Agronomist, Directorate of Extension Education
Punjab Agricultural University
Ludhiana – 141004 (Punjab)

Simerjeet Kaur 9814081108 simer@pau.edu

College of Horticulture,
Vellanikkara. Thrissur – 680 656, (Kerala)

T. Girija 9447004940 girijavijai@gmail.com

Principal Scientist,
Directorate of Maize Research,
Pusa Campus, New Delhi-110012

C.M. Parihar 9013172214 pariharcm@gmail.com

Indexing Indexing & Abstracting Services


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Volume- 52 | Issue-1 (Jan-Mar) | Year 2020

Weed management approaches in direct-seeded rice in eastern Indian ecologies – A critical and updated review
Narayan Chandra Banik, Ashok Kumar, Bidhan K. Mohapatra, Vivek Kumar Chilamkurthi Sreenivas, Sudhanshu Singh, Peramaiyan Panneerselvam and Virender Kumar
Review article | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2020.00001.5 | Volume: 52 Page No:1-9 |
Address & Email | Article preview | View PFD | Download

Abstract:

Direct-seeded rice (DSR) is significant in modern day agriculture because it requires less water input (20%) and labour (65-80 person-days/ha). Moreover, it enables farmers to establish rice early, which allows the crop stand more power to resist flush flood happening more frequently in the beginning of the monsoon. Direct-seeded rice produces at par or higher yield compared to manual transplanted rice but significantly higher yield (1.07 t/ha) compared to traditional manual broadcasted rice followed by beushening practice. It helps to increase system productivity by 0.25 t/ha, increase income by US$ 150/ha, reduce greenhouse gas emission (20% GWP) besides instrumental in reducing straw burning and environmental footprints. Despite all these advantages, the DSR has not been adopted at large scale at farmers’ field in eastern India particularly in Bihar, Odisha and Uttar Pradesh. One of the most important reasons for this is heavy and diversified weed infestation in DSR which consequently reduces rice yields significantly. In the present review article, the authors have tried to compile relevant information on the weed management approaches in DSR with special reference to eastern Indian states. Detailed discussions on weed species based on their occurrence and infestation, critical period of weed competition and different methods of weed management in DSR in eastern Indian ecologies have been enlightened in this paper. It also includes that weed management options in DSR depend on many factors like land situation, soil condition, water status, planting geometry and resources availability; and therefore, one single method of weed management practices may not be sufficient to control all the flushes of diversified weeds. Integrated approach combining cultural, physical and chemical methods can provide a more robust control of weeds in DSR. Relevant data generated in Odisha representing eastern Indian ecologies have also been included herein to further enrich knowledge and skills regarding DSR productivity, in general and possible weed management options, in particular.

Email

n.banik@irri.org

Address

1International Rice Research Institute, NASC Complex, New Delhi 110 012, India 2International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), New Delhi 110 012, India 3International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Metro Manila 1301, Philippines
Weed management in greengram: A review
Rukinderpreet Singh and Guriqbal Singh
Review article | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2020.00002.7 | Volume: 52 Page No:10-20 |
Address & Email | Article preview | View PFD | Download

Abstract:

Greengram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek], also known as mungbean, is extensively cultivated in India and other Asian countries. Being rich in protein, its grains are an important daily dietary component. Weeds are a major limiting factor in production of greengram that lead to a drastic reduction in yield. The presence of hardy weeds and slow initial crop growth compound this problem. Different strategies incorporating non-chemical and chemical methods have been practiced for efficient weed control in greengram. Non-chemical control methods include straw mulch (12-63% reduction in weed biomass), narrow row spacing (60-92% reduction in weed biomass), method of sowing (1-20% reduction in weed biomass), tillage practices (58% reduction in weed biomass), the frequency and rate of irrigation and fertilizer application (13-23% reduction in weed biomass), timing of hand weeding and selection of cropping system. Chemical control methods include the many herbicides with different selectivity and efficiency available for use in greengram. For efficient weed control, herbicides should be applied at the recommended rate and time in order to avoid inhibiting growth, symbiotic properties (number of nodules, dry weight of nodules, leghaemoglobin content in nodules) and grain yield in greengram crop. In this review, different weed management strategies including non-chemical and chemical weed control methods have been reviewed for their ability to control weeds in greengram. Furthermore, their influence on growth, symbiosis, yield and nutrient uptake of greengram, soil microflora and residual effect on succeeding crops have also been reviewed.

Email

singhguriqbal@pau.edu

Address

Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141 004, India
Temperature, pH and light effect on germination and growth behavior of grassy weeds of direct-seeded rice
Kuldeep Singh, Samunder Singh and R.K. Pannu
Research article | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2020.00003.9 | Volume: 52 Page No:21-26 |
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Abstract:

Environmental factors have significant implications on the biology of weeds, hence the study of biology of major weeds in a crop, could prove an ecological and economical viable tool for their management. Echinochloa glabrescens, Leptochloa chinensis, Eragrostis japonica and Dactyloctenium aegyptium are the major weeds of direct-seeded rice (DSR) and many other Kharif crops. The effect of temperature, pH and light was studied on the biology of these four weed species under laboratory conditions during the Kharif seasons of 2012 and 2013. Temperature regimes of 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45°C; pH 5.0, 7.0, 9.0 and 11.0 and light period of 0, 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours were evaluated for their effects on germination, shoot and root growth. Conducive temperature for germination of all four-weed species was 35°C except Dactyloctenium aegyptium, which has maximum germination at 30°C. Similar to germination, maximum shoot and root length was recorded at 35°C in all the weed species except E. japonica, for which 30°C was the optimum. Seed germination was observed over a broad range of pH of all weed species; however, it was highest at pH 7.0. Echinochloa glabrescens was most sensitive to a given pH range among all the weed species. Light periods didn’t alter the process of germination, shoot and root growth. Manipulation of these factors at field level could be helpful in reducing the weed pressure in DSR by preventing their germination.

Email

sam4884@gmail.com

Address

Department of Agronomy, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana 125 004, India
Novel wiper device for the management of weedy rice
Nimmy Jose, C.T. Abraham, Reena Mathew and Leena S. Kumari
Research article | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2020.00004.0 | Volume: 52 Page No:27-31 |
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Abstract:

The research programme undertaken at Rice Research Station, Moncompu, Kerala Agricultural University, for the post-emergence management of weedy rice by direct contact application (DCA) of broad-spectrum non-selective herbicides using specially designed novel hand held weed wiper device could selectively dry the panicles of weedy rice at 60-65 DAS, taking advantage of the height difference of 15-20 cm between weedy rice and cultivated rice. The study revealed that DCA can be effectively done in weedy rice infested cropped field using non-selective herbicides, viz. glufosinate ammonium, paraquat dichloride or glyphosate at 10-15% concentration. Weed control efficiency by this method in terms of drying of the weedy rice panicles was as high as 83 to 88%. The device has been filed for Indian Patent at Patent Office, Chennai (Application No. 1763/CHE/2014 dated 01.04.2014). The technology can reduce the seed rain and buildup of soil seed bank of weedy rice. It is highly energy efficient, less labour intensive, and eco-friendly compared to hand weeding, cutting of weedy rice ear heads or application of large quantity of herbicides using sprayers. The device has become popular among the farming community of Kerala and transfer of technology of the device was done during 2015. The product is now marketed as ‘KAU Weed Wiper’ by M/s Raidco Ltd, for large scale manufacturing and sale to farmers

Email

nimmy.jose@kau.in

Address

Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur, Kerala 680 656, India
Herbicide options for weed management in sugarcane + wheat intercropping system in Indo-Gangetic Plains
Dharam Bir Yadav*, Mehar Chand, B.R. Kamboj, Ashok Yadav and S.S. Punia
Research article | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2020.00005.2 | Volume: 52 Page No:32-36 |
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Abstract:

Field and farmer participatory trials were conducted from 2006-07 to 2012-13 to evaluate the efficacy of herbicides alone and in combination on complex weed flora in sugarcane + wheat intercropping system. Sulfosulfuron 25 g/ha, sulfosulfuron + metsulfuron (ready-mix) 32 g/ha, mesosulfuron + iodosulfuron (ready-mix) 14.4 g/ha, pinoxaden 50 g/ha, pinoxaden + metsulfuron 50 + 4 g/ha, pinoxaden + 2,4-D 50 + 500 g/ha, pinoxaden fb carfentrazone 50 fb 20 g/ha gave satisfactory control of Phalaris minor. However, pinoxaden treatments were superior to other herbicides in respect of grassy weed management. For control of broad-leaf weeds, tank-mix of metsulfuron or 2,4-D with pinoxaden were found effective. Ready-mix herbicides sulfosulfuron+ metsulfuron and mesosulfuron+ iodosulfuron were also found promising against complex weed flora in sugarcane + wheat intercropping system. Clodinafop 60 g/ha, fenoxaprop 100  g/ha and carfentrazone 20 g/ha were phyto-toxic to the sugarcane. Grain yields of wheat under sulfosulfuron, sulfosulfuron + metsulfuron (ready-mix), mesosulfuron + iodosulfuron (ready-mix), pinoxaden alone and in combination with metsulfuron, 2,4-D or carfentrazone were as good as weed free check. Similarly the cane yields under these treatments except pinoxaden fb carfentrazone and sulfosulfuron + metsulfuron (ready-mix) were at par with each other and also with weed free check. Sulfosulfuron 25 g/ha, sulfosulfuron+ metsulfuron (ready-mix) 32 g/ha, mesosulfuron+ iodosulfuron (ready-mix) 14.4 g/ha or pinoxaden 50 g/ha provided effective control (83-97%) of weeds including Phalaris minor over the years. These treatments provided higher grain yield of wheat (4.65-4.93 t/ha) and cane yield (85.5-91.1 t/ha) of sugarcane.

Email

dbyadav@gmail.com

Address

CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana 125 004, India
Tillage and weed management influence on physico-chemical and biological characteristics of soil under cotton-greengram cropping system
D.D. Chaudhari, V.J. Patel, H.K. Patel, Aakash Mishra* and B.D. Patel
Research article | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2020.00006.4 | Volume: 52 Page No:37-42 |
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Abstract:

A field experiment was conducted during Kharif-Summer season of 2016-17 at research farm of AICRP-Weed Management, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat to study the effect of different tillage and weed management options on physico-chemical and biological properties of soil under cotton-green gram cropping system. The tillage and weed management treatments did not show any significant effect on various physico-chemical properties of soil after harvest of cotton and greengram except on organic carbon content and available phosphorus. The tillage did not influence the microbial population in cotton but weed management options, IC + HW at 15, 30 and 45 DAS showed significant impact on total bacterial count and dehydrogenase activity in soil. The tillage had significant effect on actinobacteria count and dehydrogenase activity in greengram while weed management options exhibited significant effect on all the microbial observations except on total PSM count. It is inferred that combination of zero tillage + residue incorporation along with IC + HW at 15, 30 and 45 DAS in cotton and zero tillage + residue incorporation along with IC + HW at 20 and 40 DAS in green gram were most suitable option for cotton-greengram cropping system in Middle Gujarat condition.

Email

aks_soil85@aau.in

Address

B.A. College of Agriculture, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat 388 110, India
Tillage and weed management influence on physico-chemical and biological characteristics of soil under cotton-greengram cropping system
D.D. Chaudhari, V.J. Patel, H.K. Patel, Aakash Mishra* and B.D. Patel
Research article | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2020.00006.4 | Volume: 52 Page No:37-42 |
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Abstract:

A field experiment was conducted during Kharif-Summer season of 2016-17 at research farm of AICRP-Weed Management, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat to study the effect of different tillage and weed management options on physico-chemical and biological properties of soil under cotton-green gram cropping system. The tillage and weed management treatments did not show any significant effect on various physico-chemical properties of soil after harvest of cotton and greengram except on organic carbon content and available phosphorus. The tillage did not influence the microbial population in cotton but weed management options, IC + HW at 15, 30 and 45 DAS showed significant impact on total bacterial count and dehydrogenase activity in soil. The tillage had significant effect on actinobacteria count and dehydrogenase activity in greengram while weed management options exhibited significant effect on all the microbial observations except on total PSM count. It is inferred that combination of zero tillage + residue incorporation along with IC + HW at 15, 30 and 45 DAS in cotton and zero tillage + residue incorporation along with IC + HW at 20 and 40 DAS in green gram were most suitable option for cotton-greengram cropping system in Middle Gujarat condition.

Email

aks_soil85@aau.in

Address

B.A. College of Agriculture, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat 388 110, India
Effectiveness of different methods for controlling Orobanche in mustard
S.S. Punia*, Vinod maun, Dharam Bir Yadav, Manjeet and Todarmal Punia
Research article | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2020.00007.6 | Volume: 52 Page No:43-46 |
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Abstract:

To study the efficacy of neem cake, soil drenching of metalaxyl, post-emergence application of glyphosate at very low concentrations alone and in combination with 1% solution of (NH4)2SO4 and 125% of recommended fertility, field experiments were conducted at the villages Ganghala and Bidhwan in Bhiwani district of Haryana during Rabi seasons of 2014-15 and 2015-16, respectively. Feasibility of adoption of results of studies conducted earlier on use of glyphosate 25 g/ha at 30 DAS and 50 g/ha at 55 DAS is being demonstrated by multi location field trials through farmers participatory approach in different parts of state during 2010-2016. Neem cake 400 kg/ha at sowing fb soil drenching of metalaxyl MZ 0.2% at 25 DAS fb glyphosate at 40 g/ha at 45 DAS or neem cake 400 kg/ha fb pendimethalin (PPI) at 0.75 kg/ha fb metalaxyl 0.2% at 25 DAS did not prove effective in minimizing density of Orobanche.

Post-emergence application of glyphosate at 25 and 50 g/ha with 1% solution of (NH4)2SO4 at 30 and 55 DAS showed promise with 85- 91% control of this weed not only in experimental fields but in large scale demonstrations on farmers’ fields.

Email

puniasatbir@gmail.com

Address

Department of Agronomy, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana 125 004, India
Effectiveness of different methods for controlling Orobanche in mustard
S.S. Punia, Vinod maun, Dharam Bir Yadav, Manjeet and Todarmal Punia
Research article | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2020.00007.6 | Volume: 52 Page No:43-46 |
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Abstract:

To study the efficacy of neem cake, soil drenching of metalaxyl, post-emergence application of glyphosate at very low concentrations alone and in combination with 1% solution of (NH4)2SO4 and 125% of recommended fertility, field experiments were conducted at the villages Ganghala and Bidhwan in Bhiwani district of Haryana during Rabi seasons of 2014-15 and 2015-16, respectively. Feasibility of adoption of results of studies conducted earlier on use of glyphosate 25 g/ha at 30 DAS and 50 g/ha at 55 DAS is being demonstrated by multi location field trials through farmers participatory approach in different parts of state during 2010-2016. Neem cake 400 kg/ha at sowing fb soil drenching of metalaxyl MZ 0.2% at 25 DAS fb glyphosate at 40 g/ha at 45 DAS or neem cake 400 kg/ha fb pendimethalin (PPI) at 0.75 kg/ha fb metalaxyl 0.2% at 25 DAS did not prove effective in minimizing density of Orobanche. Post-emergence application of glyphosate at 25 and 50 g/ha with 1% solution of (NH4)2SO4 at 30 and 55 DAS showed promise with 85- 91% control of this weed not only in experimental fields but in large scale demonstrations on farmers’ fields.  

Email

puniasatbir@gmail.com

Address

Department of Agronomy, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana 125 004, India
Land configurations and mulches influence weed suppression, productivity and economics in ginger
V.K. Choudhary
Research article | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2020.00008.8 | Volume: 52 Page No:47-52 |
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Abstract:

Ginger is known to be sensitive to weed infestation, which severely influences crop productivity and ultimately to the economic returns. Therefore, in-situ resource conservation like land configurations namely broad bed and furrow (BBF), ridge and furrow (R&F) and flatbed (FB) and mulches with Imperata cylendrica (IC), pine needle (PN), double mulching of paddy straw followed by weed biomass (PS) and no mulch (NM) were assessed in ginger. Results revealed that weed density and weed dry biomass at 60 and 120 days after planting (DAP) were considerably lower with BBF followed by R&F than NM. Among mulches, the application of PN recorded lower weed density and dry biomass at 60 and 120 DAP, whereas, at second sampling, there was dramatically reduction of weed dry biomass in PS than IC. The rhizome productivity was improved with BBF (39.3-47.3%) and PS (35.8-42.2%) than FB and NM, respectively. BBF configured plots obtained 46.7-55.3% higher net returns and per day returns with 27.4-34.7% improvement in benefit to cost ratio followed by R&F than FB. Similarly, PS recorded 43.1 to 46.7% higher net returns and per day returns with 34.3 to 40.7% higher benefit to cost ratio over NM. Therefore, suitable land configurations and the use of available crop residues and tree leaf litter as mulch are promising resource conserving sustainable production technologies for ginger cultivation.

Email

ind_vc@rediffmail.com

Address

ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hilly Region, Basar, Arunachal Pradesh 791 101, India *ICAR-Directorate of Weed Research, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh 482 004, India
Comparative efficacy of herbicides and hand weeding to control weeds in onion
Dechen Angmo and Sandeep Chopra
Research article | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2020.00009.X | Volume: 52 Page No:53-57 |
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Abstract:

Effective and efficient weed management strategies are essential to raise a successful onion crop. Therefore, to find out the economically feasible weed management practice, a field experiment was conducted at Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Jammu, during 2015-16 and 2016-17. Five herbicides namely pendimethalin1.0 kg/ha, oxyfluorfen 0.15 kg/ha, alachlor 1.0 kg/ha, butachlor 1.0 kg/ha and quizalofop-ethyl 0.05 kg/ha were applied alone or in different combinations replicated thrice in randomized block design. Data was recorded on weed density, dry matter accumulation of weeds, weed control efficiency, weed index, herbicide efficiency index and yield parameters. Pre-emergence application of oxyfluorfen 0.15 kg/ha fb one hand weeding at 40-60 days after transplanting recorded the highest weed control efficiency and the lowest values of weed density, dry matter accumulation of weeds and weed index. The pre-emergence application of oxyfluorfen 0.15 kg/ha fb post-emergence application of quizalofop-ethyl 0.05 kg/ha at 40 DAT was also found to be equally effective in controlling the weeds in onion. The yield attributing traits such as average bulb weight and total bulb yield also exhibited the same pattern. However, the highest B: C ratio was recorded with pre-emergence application of oxyfluorfen 0.15 kg/ha fb post-emergence application of quizalofop-ethyl 0.05 kg/ha applied 40 DAT. Hence, this treatment can be used for controlling the prevalent weed flora in onion crop under Jammu condition.

Email

drsc373@rediffmail.com

Address

Division of Vegetable Science & Floriculture, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology Chatha , Jammu & Kashmir-18000, India
Appraisal of different floor management practices for weed management in ber (Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk.) orchards
J.S. Brar, K.S. Gill, Tarundeep Kaur and Kirandeep Kaur
Research article | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2020.00010.6 | Volume: 52 Page No:58-63 |
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Abstract:

Glyphosate was the commonly used herbicide in ber orchards in Punjab, India. This herbicide has been banned by State Government recently in the state. Therefore, there is a dire need to develop non- chemical approaches to check weeds in ber (Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk.) orchard. An experiment was conducted to study the influence of different orchard floor management practices on weed biomass, fruit yield and quality of ber at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana (India). Different floor management practices, viz. mulching (rice straw, white polythene, black polythene), mechanical, glyphosate and weedy check were evaluated. Weed biomass recorded at monthly intervals from November to March under all floor management practices exhibited a significant reduction in weed growth as compared to the weedy check. White polythene mulch recorded higher weed growth with reduced weed biomass as compared to black polythene mulch due to the penetration of solar radiation leading to weed emergence and disintegration of white polythene sheet. The weed biomass in inter-cultivation and herbicide treatments was increased up to January, however, with second cultivation and herbicide spray, the growth of weeds under these treatments was checked up to February and again showed an increasing trend. Although, glyphosate suppressed the weeds and mechanical weeding reduced the weed density but the resurgence of weeds resulted in comparatively higher weed biomass, while, rice straw mulch exhibited promising results, with 87.1 and 91.2% reduction in total weed biomass during 1st and 2nd year, respectively. Application of rice straw mulch at 12.5 t/ha may help in weed management in ber orchards.

Email

karanbirgill@pau.edu

Address

Department of Agronomy, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141 001, India
Adoption level and impact of weed management technologies in rice and wheat: Evidence from farmers of India
P.K. Singh and Yogita Gharde
Research article | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2020.00011.8 | Volume: 52 Page No:64-68 |
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Abstract:

Weed invasions change the natural diversity and balance of ecological communities which threaten the survival of many plants and animals. Therefore, weed management is important as far as crop production is concerned. Further, impact assessment has been proven as a means of measuring the effectiveness of any agricultural technology in improving productivity, reducing the poverty and increasing the livelihood security of the farmers. Present study focuses on highlighting socio-economic status of the farmers and agencies which play significant role in dissemination of weed related information as well as effect of weed management technologies on weed intensity in rice and wheat crops. Results revealed that before adoption, some weeds like Cyperus difformis, Fimbristylis milliacea and Ludwigia parviflora were found in very high severity (>75%) level in rice, however, after adoption of improved weed management technologies they reached to low and moderate severity (<50%) in farmers’ fields. According to 4.3% of the farmers, Phalaris minor is still present in wheat with very high level of severity (>75%) in most of their fields. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) revealed the major agencies which play important role in disseminating the weed management technologies to the farmers. Findings of  study stress on sensitizing different agencies and increasing their role in dissemination of weed management solutions to the farmers.

Email

drsinghpk@gmail.com

Address

ICAR-Directorate of Weed Research, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh 482 004, India
Integrated weed management in elephant foot yam
J. Suresh Kumar, S. Sunitha, J. Sreekumar M. Nedunchezhiyan, K. Mamatha, Biswajith Das, S. Sengupta, P.R. Kamalkumaran, Surajit Mitra, Jayanta Tarafdar, V. Damodaran, R.S. Singh, Ashish Narayan, Rabindra Prasad, Pradnya Gudadhe, Ravinder Singh, K. Desai and B. Srikanth
Research article | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2020.00012.X | Volume: 52 Page No:69-73 |
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Abstract:

An experiment was conducted to find out the most effective method of weed management in elephant foot yam. The experiment was conducted under 10 different agro-climatic conditions of India including plains, hills and islands, etc. using RBD with 8 treatments and 3 replications, during 2017 and 2018. Cyperus rotundus, Cynodon dactylon and Commelina benghalensis were the predominant weeds at most of the locations. Among different treatments, hand weeding thrice at 30, 60, 90 days after planting (DAP) recorded taller plants (80.85 cm) with more pseudo stem girth, canopy spread (97.07 cm), leaf area (5435.37 cm2), corm yield (38.0 t/ha), and net returns ( 387253), which was at par with weed control ground cover mat mulching and application of glyphosate thrice at 30, 60 and 90 DAP. Lower weed density and biomass were recorded in treatment with weed control ground cover mat mulching, which was at par with glyphosate applied at 30, 60 and 90 DAP.

Email

suresh.j@icar.gov.in

Address

ICAR-Central Tuber Crops Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram, 695 017, Kerala, India
Bio-efficacy of bentazone 48% SL as post-emergence against weeds in direct-seeded rice
Aparna Sharma, K.K. Agrawal, J.K. Sharma and A.K. Jha
Research note | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2020.00013.1 | Volume: 52 Page No:74-77 |
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Abstract:

The experiment was conducted during Kharif season of 2017 at Research Farm of Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh. The soil of experimental site was sandy clay loam in texture, medium in organic carbon (0.62%), available nitrogen (285 kg/ha), available phosphorus (17.45 kg/ha) and potassium (260 kg/ha) with neutral pH (7.1). The dominant weeds associated with direct-seeded rice in the experimental field were mainly comprised of monocot (Echinochloa colona), sedge (Cyperus iria) and dicot weeds (Mollugo pentaphylla, Phylanthus niruri, Eclipta alba, Corchorus olitorius and Alternanthera philoxeroides).Experiment consisted of total ten treatments comprising of seven doses of bentazone 600, 800, 1000, 1200, 1600, 1800 and 2000 g/ha, 2,4-D 380 g/ha as post-emergence, hand weeding twice (20 and 40 DAS) including weedy check, were laid out in a randomized block design with 3 replications. The post-emergence application of bentazone at higher doses i.e. 1800 and 2000 g/ha was found effective in reducing the weed density of dicot weeds to a great extent.

Email

aparnasharma701.as.com@gmail.com

Address

Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh 482 004, India
Biology and phenology of predominant weed species in lowland rice ecosystems
M. Jayakumar, M. Rajavel and U. Surendran
Research note | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2020.00014.3 | Volume: 52 Page No:78-81 |
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Abstract:

A field survey was taken up in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu state to know the dominant weed species competing in the lowland rice ecosystems to identify the major weeds and study the biology and phenology of the weed species.  Barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli), blistering ammannia (Ammania bacciffera), false daisy (Eclipta alba) and Viper grass (Dinebra retroflexa) were found predominant in lowland and were selected for the study. The seeds of selected weeds were collected along with the inflorescence from the field pot culture and field studies. It was found that among the four lowland weeds, Echinochloa crus-galli and Eclipta alba germinated  6 days after sowing both in the pot as well as field study.  Ammania bacciffera was germinated earlier in pot culture (7 days) and  Dinebra retroflexa germinated earlier (7 days) in field condition. Weeds grown in field condition came to 50% flowering earlier than grown in pot culture. Total dry weight per plant at flowering was higher in Dinebra  retroflexa  both in field  and pot culture and at maturity, it was higher with Echinochloa crusgalli.  Total dry weight at maturity was 8-12 times more than at flowering for all the weeds. The numbers of seeds/plant was higher with Echinochloa crus-galli in both in pot culture and field study with 650 and 850 seeds/ plant respectively.

Email

agrokumar2013@gmail.com

Address

Central Coffee Research Institute, Coffee Research Station Post, Chikmagaluru, Karnataka 577 112, India 1Meteorological Centre, India Meteorological Department, MoES, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560 007, India 2Centre for Water Resources Development and Management, Calicut, Kerala 673 571, India
Weed management through rice straw mulching and herbicide use in maize
Ramandeep Kaur, Charanjeet Kaur and Tarundeep Kaur
Research note | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2020.00015.5 | Volume: 52 Page No:82-88 |
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Abstract:

The field experiments were carried out at Ludhiana and Gurdaspur during Kharif 2017 to find out the influence of rice straw mulching and weed management treatments on weed density, weed dry matter and grain yield in maize. Use of rice straw mulch (PSM) at 9.00 and 6.25 t/ha recorded an average of 19.9 and 11.4% higher grain yield (5.91-6.21 and 5.46-5.81 t/ha), compared with no mulching (4.82-5.31 t/ha), respectively. The results showed that there was a reduction in average grain yield of 9.80 kg/ha with every increase in dry matter accumulation of weeds by 1.0 g/m2. Post-emergence application of tembotrione (0.088 and 0.110 kg/ha) proved to be more effective than the pre-emergence application of atrazine (0.8 and 1.0 kg/ha) for controlling different weed species in maize. Both the doses of tembotrione (0.088 and 0.110 kg/ha) in combination with rice straw mulch at 9.00 t/ha displayed significantly lower weed growth and higher grain yield of maize in comparison to other treatments. The results showed that tembotrione at 0.088 kg/ha (PoE) in combination with PSM at 9.00 t/ha can be applied in maize for getting higher productivity, as this combination helps to reduce 20% dose of herbicide.

Email

ramandeepkaur201533@gmail.com

Address

Department of Agronomy, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141 004, India
On-farm assessment of conservation tillage for wheat planting in rice-wheat cropping system
Shailendra Singh Kushwah, B.S. Kasana and S.S. Bhadauria
Research note | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2020.00016.7 | Volume: 52 Page No:89-92 |
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Abstract:

A farmer’s participatory field experiment was conducted during two consecutive Rabi seasons of 2015-16 and 2016-17 at farmer’s fields in Badkisarari village of Gwalior district of Madhya Pradesh on clay loam soils to validate zero-till sowing of wheat crop in rice-wheat cropping system for realizing higher yield. Zero till sown wheat had significantly lesser weed dry biomass per unit area as compared to wheat sown in conventional and reduced tillage besides advancement of sowing by 20-25 days over conventional and reduced tillage sowing of wheat crop. The population of Phalaris minor, Avena ludoviciana, Avena fatua, Chenopodium album, Melilotus indica and Anagallis arvensis was reduced significantly under zero tillage as compared to conventional tillage. Excellent suppression in weed density and weed dry weight with higher levels of weed control efficiency and yield were obtained with zero till sown wheat. Zero tillage was also found better in terms of lesser cost of cultivation, higher net returns and B:C ratio.

Email

kasanabrajraj@gmail.com

Address

Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh 474 002, India
Integrated weed management in altered crop geometry of irrigated maize and residual effects on succeeding Bengal gram
K. Sathyapriya and C. Chinnusamy
Research note | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2020.00017.9 | Volume: 52 Page No:93-98 |
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Abstract:

A field experiment was carried out at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore during Kharif and Rabi seasons of 2018-19 to study the effect of altered crop geometry without changing the total plant population with integrated weed management methods in irrigated maize (Zea mays L.) and their residual effects on succeeding Bengal gram (Cicer arietinum). Based on the results, it could be ascertained that planting pattern of 60 x 25 cm proved to be effective in reducing weed biomass and recorded significantly higher grain yield of about 6.48 t/ha which was at par with the spacing of 75 x 20 cm. Pre-emergence (PE) application of atrazine at 1.0 kg/ha + hand weeding or twin wheel hoe weeding at 35 DAS was at par with hand weeding twice at 20 and 35 DAS with respect to grain yield. Herbicidal methods of weed management like 2, 4-D and atrazine application did not exert any residual effect on the succeeding Bengal gram.

Email

kavikathir2000@gmail.com

Address

Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641 003, India
Screening of herbicides for broomrape (Orobanche) control in mustard
S.P. Singh, R.S. Yadav, A.S. Godara and R.C. Bairwa
Research note | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2020.00018.0 | Volume: 52 Page No:99-101 |
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Abstract:

A field study was conducted for two years during Rabi season of 2012-13 and 2013-14 on the  fields of farmers’ of Jhunjhunu and Bikaner districts infested with broomrape (Orobanche) to test the efficiency of herbicides in mustard crop under AICRP on Weed Management at Agriculture Research Station, Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner. The experiment comprising ten weed control treatments consisting of neem cake (200 kg/ha) + pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha, neem cake (200 kg/ha) + glyphosate 25 g/ha at 25 DAS, pendimethalin  0.75 kg/ha + glyphosate 35 g/ha + 55 g/ha at 25 and 55 DAS, pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha, glyphosate 25 g/ha + 50 g/ha at 25 and 55 DAS, glyphosate 50 g/ha + 50 g/ha at 25 and 55 DAS, oxyfluorfen (200 g/ha), imazethapyr (20 g/ha), manual weeding and weedy check in a randomized block design with three replications. Among the different herbicides, application of glyphosate at 25 g/ha + 50 g/ha at 25 and 55 DAS  controlled broomrape effectively with nil phytotoxicity and produced significantly the highest seed yield in mustard during both the years over all the other herbicidal treatments.

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Agricultural Research Station, Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner, Rajasthan 334 006, India

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